What capability should an Integration Architect consider if there is a need to synchronize data changed in Salesforce to a 3rd party with a JSON-based API endpoint?

The choice to utilize an Apex class to perform the REST callout asynchronously is a strong option for synchronizing data changes in Salesforce to a third-party system with a JSON-based API endpoint. This approach allows for flexibility and control over the data being sent.

By leveraging Apex, the Integration Architect can write custom logic to handle the specific requirements of the integration, such as formatting the JSON payload correctly, managing error handling, and processing the response from the external API. Additionally, performing the callout asynchronously is beneficial because it allows Salesforce to offload the processing task, which can improve the performance and responsiveness of the user interface, particularly for operations that may take longer to execute.

This method is particularly advantageous when dealing with complex logic or conditions under which the data should be sent, and it ensures that the integration operates within Salesforce's governance limits while maintaining the ability to handle larger volumes of data efficiently. Using asynchronous processing also allows for better utilization of system resources, since these callouts can be queued and handled without blocking the main thread of execution within Salesforce.

In contrast, options like using an outbound message or Lightning Connect might not provide the same level of control and customization required for working with a specific JSON format or for managing the intricacies of an external API.