What should be done to resolve the "Max CPU time exceeded" error when using a batch size of 200 in Salesforce?

To resolve the "Max CPU time exceeded" error when using a batch size of 200 in Salesforce, moving trigger code to a future method is an effective approach. The reasoning behind this lies in the design of Salesforce's processing framework.

When triggers are executed in bulk operations, they can hit limits on CPU time if the logic within the trigger is complex or operates on a large dataset. By moving the processing logic out of the synchronous trigger context into a future method, you allow Salesforce to manage the execution of this logic asynchronously, thereby distributing the workload more evenly and reducing the chances of hitting CPU limits during the triggering of the operation.

Future methods execute in a separate thread and have their limits, which can help avoid the max CPU time issue encountered when handling larger batches synchronously. This approach effectively circumvents the limitations imposed by synchronous Apex code execution and can significantly lower CPU time consumption for larger data volumes.

The other options do not address the issue as effectively. Using Queueable Apex, while beneficial in many scenarios, may not always resolve the immediate CPU limit issues associated with triggers in the same way a future method might. The Bulk API with a serial option and a reduced batch size can help, but it may not be as effective since the underlying logic may